SS-31 100mg

SS-31

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a tetrapeptide (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂) designed to selectively target and accumulate in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Its unique structure enables it to bind to cardiolipin, a critical phospholipid that maintains mitochondrial cristae structure, electron transport chain (ETC) efficiency, and ATP production.

By interacting with cardiolipin, SS-31 helps stabilize mitochondrial membranes, reduce electron leak, and decrease the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This improves mitochondrial bioenergetics, preserves cellular function, and prevents apoptosis under stress conditions.

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that SS-31 has protective effects in a range of conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, ischemia-reperfusion injury, muscle weakness, and age-related decline in mitochondrial performance.

Unlike many antioxidants, SS-31 is not just a free radical scavenger—it directly improves electron transport chain efficiency and helps restore mitochondrial structure. Because mitochondria play a central role in energy metabolism, redox balance, and apoptosis, SS-31’s actions have far-reaching therapeutic potential.

SS-31 has been tested in clinical trials for disorders such as heart failure, primary mitochondrial myopathy, Barth syndrome, and eye diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. While results have been mixed, it remains one of the most studied mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics.

In summary, SS-31 is a novel mitochondria-protective peptide that works by binding cardiolipin, enhancing energy production, reducing oxidative stress, and protecting cells from mitochondrial dysfunction—a hallmark of aging and many chronic diseases.